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Gyration tensor : ウィキペディア英語版
Gyration tensor
In physics, the gyration tensor is a tensor that describes the second moments of position of a collection of particles
:
S_ \ \stackrel\ \frac\sum_^ r_^ r_^

where r_^ is the \mathrm^ of the
\mathrm^ \mathbf^ = 0

i.e. in the system of the center of mass r_. Where
:
r_=\frac\sum_^ \mathbf^

Another definition, which is mathematically identical but gives an alternative calculation method, is:
:
S_ \ \stackrel\ \frac^\sum_^ (r_^ - r_^) (r_^ - r_^)

Therefore, the x-y component of the gyration tensor for particles in Cartesian coordinates would be:
:
S_ = \frac^\sum_^ (x_ - x_) (y_ - y_)


In the continuum limit,
:
S_ \ \stackrel\ \dfrac) \ r_ r_})}

where \rho(\mathbf) represents the number density of particles at position \mathbf.
Although they have different units, the gyration tensor is related to the
moment of inertia tensor. The key difference is that the particle positions are weighted by mass in the inertia tensor, whereas the gyration tensor depends only on the particle positions; mass plays no role in defining the gyration tensor.
==Diagonalization==

Since the gyration tensor is a symmetric 3x3 matrix, a Cartesian coordinate system can be found in which it is diagonal
:
\mathbf = \begin
\lambda_^ & 0 & 0 \\
0 & \lambda_^ & 0 \\
0 & 0 & \lambda_^
\end

where the axes are chosen such that the diagonal elements are ordered \lambda_^ \leq \lambda_^ \leq \lambda_^.
These diagonal elements are called the principal moments of the gyration tensor.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「Gyration tensor」の詳細全文を読む



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